| Sultanate of Banjar Kesultanan Banjar |
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| Sultanate | ||||
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| Location of the capital of Banjar Sultanate | ||||
| Capital | Banjarmasin, Pemakuan, Tambangan, Martapura, Kayu Tangi | |||
| Language(s) | Banjar | |||
| Religion | Sunni Islam of Shafi'i | |||
| Government | Sultanate | |||
| Sultan | ||||
| - 1526-1550 | Sultan Suriansyah | |||
| - 1862-1905 | Sultan Muhammad Seman | |||
| History | ||||
| - Established | 1526 | |||
| - Disestablished | 1905 | |||
| Today part of | Indonesia | |||
Sultanate of Banjar was a sultanate that is now located at South Kalimantan Province. At first, the capital of the sultanate was Banjarmasin, but then moved to Martapura.
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The founder of sultanate, Raden Samudra, has a royal family lineage of Kingdom of Negara Daha. He escaped from Kingdom of Daha to Barito, becaused his safety was in danger. He made a new kingdom at Banjarmasih. With help from Mangkubumi Aria Taranggana, Raden Samudra converted into Islam at September 24, 1526. He changed his name with Sultan Suriansyah.
Sultanate Banjar begun to its glory on the first decades of the 17th century with pepper as a trade commodity. Practically the southwest, southeast, and eastern Kalimantan island paid tribute at the Kingdom of Banjarmasin. Before its glory, the Sultanate of Banjar pay tribute to the Sultanate of Demak, but after Sultanate of Demak was ended and Sultanate of Pajang as the new power in Java, the Sultanate of Banjar had no longer to send a tribute to Java.
Sultan Agung from Mataram Sultanate 1613-1646 ruled north Java coast ports such as Jepara, Gresik, Tuban, Madura and Surabaya. in 1622 Mataram planned to colonize all kingdoms on the southwest, south and southeast part of Kalimantan. This plan made Banjar Sultanated would attack Mataram. But because of the low logistics, the plan was canceled.
In the 18th century Prince Tamjidullah I successfully transferred power to his dynasty and set Prince Nata Dilaga as the first Sultan with Panembahan Kaharudin Khalilullah. Prince Nata Dilaga who became the first king of the dynasty Tamjidullah I, in the day of his power, he called himself Susuhunan Nata Alam in 1772. Son of Sultan Muhammad Aliuddin Aminullah named Prince Amir, or a grandson of Sultan Hamidullah, fled to the Pasir, and requested the help to his uncle named Arung Tarawe (and Ratu Dewi). Prince Amir then returned and attacked the Sultanate of Banjar with a big Bugis people forces in 1757, and tried to retake the throne of Susuhunan Nata Alam. Becaused he feared losing the throne and fall of the kingdom under Bugis peoples, Susuhunan Nata Alam came and requested the help to VOC. VOC send Captain Hoffman with his armies and they finally defeated the Bugis forces. Prince Amir flee back to Pasir. After a long time, he tried to meet the Barito Banjar nobles. Nobles in Barito didn't like VOC. In this second battle, Prince Amir was arrested and exiled to Sri Lanka in 1787. In 1826 the agreement was held back between the Dutch East Indies and Adam Sultan, based on a previous agreement with the VOC, based on this agreement, the Dutch may interfere with setting a problem concerning the appointment of Putra Mahkota and Mangkubumi, which resulted in damage to indigenous kingdoms in this sector, which then made one cause of the War of Banjar.
In 1860, the Sultanate was abolished and replaced with government of Banjar regent that are based respectively in Martapura (Pangeran Jaya Pemenang) and in Amuntai (Raden Adipati Danu Raja). Regent position in this government area finally abolished in 1884.